Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Comparative Assessment of Different Yeast Cell Wall-Based Mycotoxin Adsorbents Using a Model- and Bioassay-Based In Vitro Approach

doi: 10.3390/toxins15020104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of the goodness of fit of selected adsorption isotherm models toward the evaluation of the adsorption properties of three yeast cell wall-based adsorbents, namely yeast cell walls (YCW), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE), and postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW) toward DON, BEA, CIT, and OTA mycotoxins.

Article Snippet: Three yeast cell wall-based mycotoxin adsorbent products classified as yeast cell wall (YCW, Mycosorb ® ), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb ® A+) and postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb ® D+) were supplied by Alltech, Inc. (Nicholasville, KY, USA).

Techniques: Adsorption

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Comparative Assessment of Different Yeast Cell Wall-Based Mycotoxin Adsorbents Using a Model- and Bioassay-Based In Vitro Approach

doi: 10.3390/toxins15020104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Equilibrium adsorption isotherms for each tested adsorbent (yeast cell wall (YCW), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE), and postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW)) at 0.5% ( w/v ) toward each tested mycotoxin: ( a ) deoxynivalenol (DON); ( b ) beauvericin (BEA); ( c ) citrinin (CIT); and ( d ) ochratoxin A (OTA). The isotherms were obtained by fitting the experimental data to selected best-fitting models. The symbols represent experimental data, and the lines are the model fit to each experimental dataset.

Article Snippet: Three yeast cell wall-based mycotoxin adsorbent products classified as yeast cell wall (YCW, Mycosorb ® ), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb ® A+) and postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb ® D+) were supplied by Alltech, Inc. (Nicholasville, KY, USA).

Techniques: Adsorption

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Comparative Assessment of Different Yeast Cell Wall-Based Mycotoxin Adsorbents Using a Model- and Bioassay-Based In Vitro Approach

doi: 10.3390/toxins15020104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of best-fitting models and model parameter calculations for each of three yeast cell wall-based adsorbents, namely yeast cell walls (YCW), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE), and postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW) toward DON, BEA, CIT, and OTA mycotoxins.

Article Snippet: Three yeast cell wall-based mycotoxin adsorbent products classified as yeast cell wall (YCW, Mycosorb ® ), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb ® A+) and postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb ® D+) were supplied by Alltech, Inc. (Nicholasville, KY, USA).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Comparative Assessment of Different Yeast Cell Wall-Based Mycotoxin Adsorbents Using a Model- and Bioassay-Based In Vitro Approach

doi: 10.3390/toxins15020104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overall mean adsorption efficiency for three yeast cell-wall-based adsorbents (yeast cell walls (YCW), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE), and postbiotic yeast cell-wall-based blend (PYCW)) toward DON, BEA, CIT, and OTA mycotoxins.

Article Snippet: Three yeast cell wall-based mycotoxin adsorbent products classified as yeast cell wall (YCW, Mycosorb ® ), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb ® A+) and postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb ® D+) were supplied by Alltech, Inc. (Nicholasville, KY, USA).

Techniques: Adsorption

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Comparative Assessment of Different Yeast Cell Wall-Based Mycotoxin Adsorbents Using a Model- and Bioassay-Based In Vitro Approach

doi: 10.3390/toxins15020104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Adsorption efficiency of the tested adsorbents (yeast cell wall (YCW), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) and postbiotic yeast cell-wall-based blend (PYCW)) at 0.5% ( w/v ) toward different concentrations of ( a ) deoxynivalenol (DON), ( b ) beauvericin (BEA), ( c ) citrinin (CIT), and ( d ) ochratoxin A (OTA). Results are the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. a–b Different letters indicate significant differences between adsorbent treatments within a given mycotoxin concentration ( p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: Three yeast cell wall-based mycotoxin adsorbent products classified as yeast cell wall (YCW, Mycosorb ® ), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb ® A+) and postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb ® D+) were supplied by Alltech, Inc. (Nicholasville, KY, USA).

Techniques: Adsorption, Concentration Assay

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Comparative Assessment of Different Yeast Cell Wall-Based Mycotoxin Adsorbents Using a Model- and Bioassay-Based In Vitro Approach

doi: 10.3390/toxins15020104

Figure Lengend Snippet: Residual concentrations of each mycotoxin in the supernatant measured by LC-MS analysis and their effects on MAC-T cell viability in the presence of each tested adsorbent (yeast cell wall (YCW), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE), and postbiotic yeast cell-wall-based blend (PYCW)) at 0.5% ( w/v ). ( a , b ) Deoxynivalenol (DON) initially added at 2 and 4 μg/mL, respectively; ( c , d ) beauvericin (BEA) initially added at 20 and 40 μg/mL, respectively; ( e , f ) ochratoxin A (OTA) initially added at 20 and 30 μg/mL, respectively; ( g , h ) citrinin (CIT) initially added at 50 and 68 μg/mL, respectively. Values are presented as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. Significant differences compared to control groups without adsorbent treatment are indicated at p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.01 (**), and p < 0.001 (***).

Article Snippet: Three yeast cell wall-based mycotoxin adsorbent products classified as yeast cell wall (YCW, Mycosorb ® ), yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb ® A+) and postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb ® D+) were supplied by Alltech, Inc. (Nicholasville, KY, USA).

Techniques: Liquid Chromatography with Mass Spectroscopy, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Impact of a Natural Fusarial Multi-Mycotoxin Challenge on Broiler Chickens and Mitigation Properties Provided by a Yeast Cell Wall Extract and a Postbiotic Yeast Cell Wall-Based Blend

doi: 10.3390/toxins14050315

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of the weekly performances (body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio) of broilers fed a Fusarium contaminated diet (TOX) compared to a control diet (CON), with or without supplementation of a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) or a postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW) added at an inclusion rate of 2.0 kg/T (mean ± SE, n = 120).

Article Snippet: Products tested included a post-biotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb D+TM) and a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb A+ ® ), both procured from Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA.

Techniques: Comparison, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Impact of a Natural Fusarial Multi-Mycotoxin Challenge on Broiler Chickens and Mitigation Properties Provided by a Yeast Cell Wall Extract and a Postbiotic Yeast Cell Wall-Based Blend

doi: 10.3390/toxins14050315

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of the serum metabolites levels on day 21 and 42 of broilers fed a control diet or a Fusarium -mycotoxins contaminated diet, with or without supplementation of a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) or postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW) added at an inclusion rate of 2.0 kg/T ( n = 12).

Article Snippet: Products tested included a post-biotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb D+TM) and a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb A+ ® ), both procured from Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA.

Techniques: Comparison, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Impact of a Natural Fusarial Multi-Mycotoxin Challenge on Broiler Chickens and Mitigation Properties Provided by a Yeast Cell Wall Extract and a Postbiotic Yeast Cell Wall-Based Blend

doi: 10.3390/toxins14050315

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of the circulatory levels (expressed in U/L) in blood serum of four liver enzymes after 21 and 42 days in broilers, respectively, and fed a control diet or Fusarium -mycotoxins contaminated diet, with or without supplementation of a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) or postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW) added at an inclusion rate of 2.0 kg/T ( n = 12).

Article Snippet: Products tested included a post-biotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb D+TM) and a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb A+ ® ), both procured from Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA.

Techniques: Comparison, Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Impact of a Natural Fusarial Multi-Mycotoxin Challenge on Broiler Chickens and Mitigation Properties Provided by a Yeast Cell Wall Extract and a Postbiotic Yeast Cell Wall-Based Blend

doi: 10.3390/toxins14050315

Figure Lengend Snippet: Proportion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in caecal digesta of after slaughter at 21 days in broilers fed a control diet or Fusarium -mycotoxins contaminated diet, with or without supplementation of a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) or postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW) added at an inclusion rate of 2.0 kg/T ( n = 16).

Article Snippet: Products tested included a post-biotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb D+TM) and a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb A+ ® ), both procured from Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Impact of a Natural Fusarial Multi-Mycotoxin Challenge on Broiler Chickens and Mitigation Properties Provided by a Yeast Cell Wall Extract and a Postbiotic Yeast Cell Wall-Based Blend

doi: 10.3390/toxins14050315

Figure Lengend Snippet: Proportions of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in caecal digesta of after slaughter at 42 days in broilers fed a control diet or Fusarium -mycotoxins contaminated diet, with or without supplementation of a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) or postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW) added at an inclusion rate of 2.0 kg/T ( n = 16).

Article Snippet: Products tested included a post-biotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb D+TM) and a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb A+ ® ), both procured from Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Impact of a Natural Fusarial Multi-Mycotoxin Challenge on Broiler Chickens and Mitigation Properties Provided by a Yeast Cell Wall Extract and a Postbiotic Yeast Cell Wall-Based Blend

doi: 10.3390/toxins14050315

Figure Lengend Snippet: Measurement of the villi height (VH, expressed in μm), crypt depth (CD, expressed in μm) and villi height/crypt ratio (VH/CD) of duodenum, jejunum and ileum tissue samples (n = 16) collected on day 21 and 42 of broilers fed a Fusarium multi-mycotoxin challenge compared to a control diet, with or without supplementation of a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) or postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW) at an inclusion rate of 2.0 kg/T.

Article Snippet: Products tested included a post-biotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb D+TM) and a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb A+ ® ), both procured from Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Toxins

Article Title: Impact of a Natural Fusarial Multi-Mycotoxin Challenge on Broiler Chickens and Mitigation Properties Provided by a Yeast Cell Wall Extract and a Postbiotic Yeast Cell Wall-Based Blend

doi: 10.3390/toxins14050315

Figure Lengend Snippet: The EPEF values for broilers on a Fusarium multi-mycotoxin challenge compared to a control diet, with or without supplementation of a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE) or postbiotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW) at an inclusion rate of 2.0 kg/T.

Article Snippet: Products tested included a post-biotic yeast cell wall-based blend (PYCW, Mycosorb D+TM) and a yeast cell wall extract (YCWE, Mycosorb A+ ® ), both procured from Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA.

Techniques: Control